« | Job 41 | » |
1 "Can you draw out Leviathan with a fishhook, or press down its tongue with a cord?
2 Can you put a rope in its nose, or pierce its jaw with a hook?
3 Will it make many supplications to you? Will it speak soft words to you?
4 Will it make a covenant with you to be taken as your servant forever?
5 Will you play with it as with a bird, or will you put it on leash for your girls?
6 Will traders bargain over it? Will they divide it up among the merchants?
7 Can you fill its skin with harpoons, or its head with fishing spears?
8 Lay hands on it; think of the battle; you will not do it again!
9 Any hope of capturing it will be disappointed; were not even the gods overwhelmed at the sight of it?
10 No one is so fierce as to dare to stir it up. Who can stand before it?
11 Who can confront it and be safe?-- under the whole heaven, who?
12 "I will not keep silence concerning its limbs, or its mighty strength, or its splendid frame.
13 Who can strip off its outer garment? Who can penetrate its double coat of mail?
14 Who can open the doors of its face? There is terror all around its teeth.
15 Its back is made of shields in rows, shut up closely as with a seal.
16 One is so near to another that no air can come between them.
17 They are joined one to another; they clasp each other and cannot be separated.
18 Its sneezes flash forth light, and its eyes are like the eyelids of the dawn.
19 From its mouth go flaming torches; sparks of fire leap out.
20 Out of its nostrils comes smoke, as from a boiling pot and burning rushes.
21 Its breath kindles coals, and a flame comes out of its mouth.
22 In its neck abides strength, and terror dances before it.
23 The folds of its flesh cling together; it is firmly cast and immovable.
24 Its heart is as hard as stone, as hard as the lower millstone.
25 When it raises itself up the gods are afraid; at the crashing they are beside themselves.
26 Though the sword reaches it, it does not avail, nor does the spear, the dart, or the javelin.
27 It counts iron as straw, and bronze as rotten wood.
28 The arrow cannot make it flee; slingstones, for it, are turned to chaff.
29 Clubs are counted as chaff; it laughs at the rattle of javelins.
30 Its underparts are like sharp potsherds; it spreads itself like a threshing sledge on the mire.
31 It makes the deep boil like a pot; it makes the sea like a pot of ointment.
32 It leaves a shining wake behind it; one would think the deep to be white-haired.
33 On earth it has no equal, a creature without fear.
34 It surveys everything that is lofty; it is king over all that are proud."
The New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
The New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) is a highly respected English translation of the Bible that was first published in 1989 by the National Council of Churches. It was developed as an update to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) of 1952, with the goal of incorporating the latest biblical scholarship and addressing changes in the English language. The NRSV is renowned for its accuracy, literary quality, and ecumenical approach, making it a preferred choice for both academic study and liturgical use across various Christian denominations.
One of the primary features of the NRSV is its commitment to being a literal, or word-for-word, translation while also ensuring that the text is clear and comprehensible for modern readers. The translation team, which included scholars from diverse religious backgrounds, aimed to produce a text that faithfully represents the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek manuscripts. This dedication to precision and clarity makes the NRSV an excellent resource for in-depth study and theological reflection, as it strives to convey the exact meaning of the original texts.
The NRSV is also notable for its inclusive language, which seeks to reflect the diversity of the contemporary Christian community. The translators took great care to avoid gender-specific language when the original texts did not explicitly require it, making the text more inclusive and accessible to all readers. This approach has been particularly appreciated in academic and liturgical settings, where sensitivity to gender and inclusivity are important considerations. The NRSV’s attention to inclusive language helps ensure that all readers can see themselves reflected in the biblical narrative.
Despite its many strengths, the NRSV has faced some criticism, particularly from those who prefer more traditional translations. Critics argue that the use of inclusive language can sometimes lead to interpretations that differ from the original intent of the texts. Additionally, some conservative scholars and readers feel that the NRSV’s ecumenical approach may result in compromises on certain theological nuances. Nonetheless, the New Revised Standard Version remains a highly valued translation, widely used in churches, seminaries, and universities for its scholarly rigor, literary excellence, and commitment to inclusivity.